Type-bar.



L. S. ORANDALL.

TYPE BAR.

. APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 11. 1908.

Patented June 29, 1909.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1'.

I/ fioglmfiziiilinai L. S. ORANDALL.

TYPE BAR. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 11, 1698.

Patented June29, 1909. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. S. GRANDALL.

TYPE BAR. APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 11, 1908.

ii i I!!!" $321 elite p142 s. I c] wve'n Ja:

Si GRANDALL.

TYPE BAR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 11, 1908.

Patented June 29, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

3 mm wbor A 5. W 3151 Qbtomncg m into operative position.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFTGE.

LUCIIZN S. GR-ANDALL, OF WASHINGTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO BENJAMIN F. TRACY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-BAR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 29, 1909.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that l, LITCIEN S. CRANDALL, a citizen of the United States, and resident of \Vashington, in the county of \Varren and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Bars, of which the following is a clear and full specification, the novel features being more clearly pointed out in the accompanying claims and illustrated in the accompanying d ra win gs.

My invention relates in particular to the kind of type bars on which a plurality of types are provided so that by either shifting the bar or the platen each type of the bar can be selectively brought in front of the platen Such bars are .vell known in the art, in particular the double type bar. It is also well known that in order to avoid the touching of the platen by the type adjoining the one which is at the time in operative position in front of the platen the types have to be separated by spaces of suitable width. If new more than two types should be provided on a bar it is evident that the shifting either of the bar or of the platen in order to bring the several types of the bar into printing position must be considerable. This is one of the reasons why heretofore bars having more than two or three types have been avoided in typewriting or similar machines. Now by the present invention I am enabled to use a con siderable number of types on one bar without their interfering with each other when in printing position.

This type bar may be employechin typewritlng or adding machines of anylltind well known in the art and I have illustrated as an example two manners in whie h my novel bar may be used, Withoutlimiting myself to these two examples, as it is evident that this bar may be used in many other ways in the art. v

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a detailside view in enlarged scale of my novel type ba-r. Fig. 2 is the same view showing the type bar inshifted position ready to present the type selected to the platen. Fig. 3 is afront View of the ha r showing the printing type faces. Fig. 4 is a rear view thereof showing the reading type faces. Fig. 5 is aportion of one of the two members of the bar, and Fig. 6 is a perspeo tiveview of portions of the two members of the bar showing themanner. in which they interlock with each other. Fig; 7 is a longitudinal sectional elevation through an adding machine in which my novel type bar is chine shown in Fig. 7 seen in the direction of.

the arrow in F t. Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic llustration of the manner inovhich my type bar may be employed in typewriting machines. Fig. 11 is a planview thereof, and Fig. 12 is detail side view-of the bar shown in Figs. 10 and 11, with member 40 in shifted and member 4:1 in retained position.

The particular feature of my novel type bar, which I shall hereinafter call a compound bar, is that the intermediate spaces between two types, which heretofore constituted wasted space are utilized by placing the types of another typebearing member into these spaces and by having-such members suitably disposed relatively to each other, whereby the interfering of two types thus adjoining each other is avoided. By

forming the type bar of two members each member carrying the types fitting into the interstices of the other member, and by movably joining these two members together, so that when by suitable means the types of one member are Withdrawn within the interstitial type spaces of the other member, one member is ready to present any of its types selected to the platen without the adjoining types of the other member interfering with the printing operation.

In Figs. 1 to 6 I have illustrated a form of my type bar. whichis adapted particularly for use in adding machines. In Fig. -1, .1 is the member of the compound bar which is pivoted at 3 to the lever mechanism of the machine to be "described later on, so that it may be shifted by this mechanism upward in the. direction longitudinally of the bar. 2 is the cooperating member of the bar. pivoted at 4 to member 1. Member 1 bears aplura-lity of types 5 with a suitable space between them fto allowthe types 6 of member 2 to fit into these spaces. The thickness of each member'is, as may be seen from Fig. 3, approximately onehalf'the width'of its type!- and the types ofeach member are overlapping the other member so that thus an interlocking compound bar is formed, as

may be clearly seen from Figs. 5 and 6, 1n.

which the details and relative. positions of the members are illustrated. By propore tioning the two members relatively to each other in this manner it will be seen from Fig. 3 that a vertical row of types is thus produced with only space enough between two adjoining types to allow relative motion of the two members,-and that the shifting of the bar'in longitudinal direction in order to present any of the types selected to the printing point of platen 11 is very small member so that the tooth of one member will registerwith the recess formed by two teeth of the other member as shown at 7 and 8 in Fig. 1. If now the compound bar should be shifted longitudinally, as will be described in detail later on, so that for instance the tooth 7 should be opposite to a pawl 9 fixed relatively to the shifting direction of the bar and one of the left hand side extensions of member 2- opposite to a hammer 10 also fixed relatively to the shifting direction of the bar, but movable in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2 toward printing point 11, it will be seen that bar member 1 will be retained by pawl 9 relatively to its member 2 as indicated in Fig. 2, when hammer 1O movesin'the direction of the arrow toward the printing point 11 so that thus one of the types 6 of the member 2 which has been selected by raising the bar to the height indicated in Figs. 1 and 2 will be brought to the printin point, and types 5 of member 1 will rece e in the interstitial spaces of types 6. Interstitial spaces are also provided on the left hand side of each member of the bar corresponding with the interstitial spaces of the right hand side on which the types are provided. From the.position of member 2, shown in Fig. 2, it will be seen that the types 6 carried by this member have now sufficient space between each other owing to the types 5 of member 1 being retracted,

so that the types 5 on either side of type a,

at the time in printin position, will not interfere with the printingsof this type. In order-to facilitate the writing for the opal ator,tha t is .to enable him to see which type is at the-time in printing position, the left 65 hand side projections of members 1 and 2 cedars correspond with the types in number and position and which are faced by the operator may be provided with reading or item-proof types of corresponding designation. These reading types of members 1 and 2 are shown in Fig. 4. Hammer 10 operating against these portions of the two bar members, I prefer to have the reading types intaglio while the printing types on the right hand side of the two bar members are preferably cameo, as commonly used in typewriting or similar machines. Fig. 6, illustrating portions of the two members 1 and 2 drawn apart, clearly shows how the type of member 2 representing numeral 1 fits into the interstitial space formed by the types representing numerals 0 and 2, carried by member 1 and Fig. 6 also clearly illustrates the form of the two members and the form of the types,.in order to permit the shifting of the two membersrelatively to each other as illustrated in Fig. 2.

The manner in whichimy compound type bar may be employed, for instance, in an adding machine is illustrated in Figs; 7, 8 and 9. In Fig. 7 I have illustrated only one of the levers carrying one of the compound type bars just described, and illustrated diagrammatically the mechanism for operating the bar in the manner above described. In

the main casing 13 are pivoted at 15 a num'-" ber of type levers 14 only one of which is shown in full, the others being of the same construction are distinguished from the one shown in full only by their different location in the machine. At the other end of lever 14 is pivoted at 3 member 1 of the compound bar 1, 2 just described.

(not shown here). A pawl 9 is pivoted at 16 to easin 13 and yieldingly pressed against both mem ers of the compound bar by spring 17, the bar being normally in such a position that the pawl presses against-both members of the compound bar above the toothed portion of the two members as may be clearly seen from Fig. 7. Transverse to the direction in which lever 14 runs are disposed in the casing rocking shafts 18 which appear in Fig. 7 in end View and in Fig. 9 in side view. Each of these shafts is provided with a rocking arm 19 tothe free end of which is connected push bar'20 bearing at its upper end key 21. Push bars 20 are guided in suitable openings provided in the top of the casing. Each rocking shaft 18 bears'on its free end a cam22 which is shown Fig. 7 partly in full and partly in dotted dines." All the cams belonging to the longitudinal row of keys shown in Fig. 7 are dis posed in line with each other so that each cam will serve to supportlever 14 in its normal position shown in thisfigure. It will be further seen from Fig. 7 that the The upper end of the type bar is suitably guided in the casing.

hers I and cams 18 are varying in size and correspond ing each to the sine of the angle to which it should lift the bar. Each rocking shaft with its push bar and cam held in normal position by means of a spring 23 only one of which is shown in Fig. 7. It will be seen that it' one of the keys 21 is pressed downward, its cam 22 will raise lever 12 and thus compound bar 1, 2, the angular movement of lever 1'4- increasing the nearer the key which is operated to raise the bar located to the t with tooth S of member so that the har and its lever it can drop down into its normal position shown in Fig. T. and it is alsonecessary to withdraw the hammer from the bar so that the bar will be removed from the pivot point 15 oil lever 11. In this particular t Fig. 7.

instance all together ten types are provided on compound bar 1, 2, representing numer: ls from 09. Therefore ten keys 21 are provided in one row for operating leverlat. Xow according to the above explained relation of the cams to lever 14, it will be seen that when the key nearest to pivot 15 is operated lever 14 will be raised the highest and thus the last numeral in the row, that is number 9, wil be brought in line with the printing point 11 of platen 24 which is suitably disposed in frame 13. In order to avoid the danger of lever 11, owing to its momentum, being thrown too high by the operation of one of the keys 21, each of the cams 22 is provided with a hook which movesalongside of the lever when its cam is operated, thereby engaging a pin 26 provided on lever 13- at the time the lever has been' lifted the height: of the cam, and thus preventing the cam from further rising above the point desired. \Vhen the proper key 21 representing the character .to be printed by the bar is operated, the proper tooth of the toothed portion of the two bar members will be opposite pawl 9, each of the two members having a number of teeth corresponding with the number of types on that member. At this moment spring 17 will come into action and pawl 9 will push tooth 7 of member 1 back until pa l t) abuts against both mem- 2 thereby supporting tooth S of member 2, as shown in Fig. 2-, so that the whole bar will remain in this position after the cam which has caused the lifting of lever 12 and the compound bar has dropped back into its normal position when the key 21 is released. This will cause the types of member 1 to recede within the interstitial spaces of the types of member 2 and the type of member in printing position will not be interfered with by the adjoining. types of member 1. At this moment by suitable means not shown in the drawings, hammer 10 is operated and strikes against the protrusion of member 2 corresponding with its type at the time in printing position as explained;

above, and thus causes the imprint on the, platen. During this operation the pawl owing to spring 17W1llyl9ld 1n the direction of the hammer stroke but remain in engage ment with the two bar'members. It is now necessary to release pawl 9 from engagement 1T0 bell crank 25) is connected slide 31 the motion of which is limited by stop 32 disposed in a slot provided in slide 31. By the pressing down of key 27 slide 31 will be thrown to the right and push pawl 6) from engagement with tooth 8 of member-2, so that the two members will drop down together with lever 14 into their normal position and lever l l'will again reston the group of cams 22. This operation of release key 27 also removes the hammer from the bar by suitable mechanism omitted in the drawings s nce it is not within the scope of my invention. As already stated eachv rocking shaft 18 and cam 22 is yieldingly held in its normal position by means of spring 28, so that immediately after the cam has been raised by operating its key, it will be returned by its spring to its normal position upon release of its key.

In adding machines of the kind above referred to, so called total wheels are provided, indicating the sum of all the items added by the machine. For the operation of these total wheels I provide on the left hand edge of bar member 2 a ratchet 12 shown indetail in Fig. 1 which engages with the teeth of total Whee 33, which teeth in number correspond with the number-of numerals provided on compound bar 1, 2. Thus it will be seen that by raising compound bar a certain height wheel 33 will he revolved by ratchet 12 accordingly to indicate the proper figure which is marked on the tooth of the wheel. This structure, however, not pertaining to the invention claimed, detailed description thereof has been omitted. It ma be stated, however, that in order to prevent wheel 33 from revolving in the wrong direction when the bar is released by withdrawing pawl 9, a retaining pawl 3st is provided. While I have shown in Fig. 7 only a single compound bar, I have shown in end view in Fig. 9 how a number of compound bars may be combined, each of the bars representing one denomination when reading the number to be written by the machine on a line trans 44. Cams 47 and 48, corresponding in their the type desired in line with the printing type group 43 of member 41 will .be with- &

keys as for instance keys 21 illustrated in Fig. 7 corresponding with the different numerals to be written by one compound bar in one denomination.

I have omitted to describe the detail arrangement of the levers and other mechan ism comprising the adding machine above referred to, since they are not within the scope of this invention, these particular features are more fully explained and illustrated in a co-pending application, Ser. No. 462,107, filed November 11, 1908.

I will now describe the manner in which my novel compound bar may be employed in a typewriting machine.

Referring to Figs. 10 to 12, 40 and 41 represent the two members of the compound bar with their interlocking group of types 42 and 43 arranged in the same manner as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 5. The left hand ends of the two members 40 and 41 are pivoted by means of common pivot shaft 44 disposed in a slot 45 provided in each bar. A spring 46 fastened to each member 40 and 41 tends to withdraw its member so that it will abut against pivot total number with the total number of types contained in both groups of the compound bar, are disposed underneath the compound bar so as to support same and are operated by push bars 49 in a similar manner as described with reference to the operation of lever 14 in Fig. '7, each cam being fastened to a rockingshaft 50 which is operated by its push bar49. When one of these cams 47 or 48 is operated both members of the bar will be lifted the proper height corresponding with the letter contained either in group 42 or 43 which is to be brought in line with the printing point of the platen 51. Each cam of groups 47 and 48 is provided with a nose 52 and 53 respectively. Noses 52 of cam group 47 are coiiper'atingwith pins 54 fastened on bar member 41, and noses 53' of cam group 48 are coiiperating with pins 55 of bar member 40. If now for instance one of the cams 48 is operated bothmembers of the bar will be first lifted according to the height of the cam in order to bring point, then the nose-53'wi11 engage its pin 55' and throw memberr40 toward the platen. Sprifig.46 on the other side of member 41 on the other hand will tend to retain this member, so that when member 40 is thrown toward the platen, as just described, the

drawn in the interstitial spaces of type group 42 in a similar manner as describedwith reference to Figs. 1 and 2. Thus the type of group 42 in line with the printing point will print uninterfered with by the adjoining types of group 43. In the same manner a type of member 41 in group 43 desired in alinement.

may be brought into printing position by then throw member 41 forward by its nose 52 abutting against its corresponding pin '54, whereby spring 46 of member 40 will tend to retain this member, so that only the type of group 43 which has been selected is presented with its proper interstitial space on either side. By the operation of the cams just described indeed any of the types of the two members'may be .brought in line with the printing point, but these means do not positively secure the type Moreover the member, retained by its spring 46 while the other member carrying the type desired is thrown forward, might through -'some unforeseen causestick to the other member, so'that its spring, which for obvious reasons should have only slight tension, is unableto retain its member in inoperative position. Therefore means shouldbe provided for positively retaining the undesired member in inoperative position. To meet the two above requirements I provide an alinement stop serving at the same time as retaining member in the following arrangement. of the two members 40 and 41 is provided a recess 57 in line with that of the other meniber and one edge of each recess is provided with tlfe numberof types can that member, and arranged so relatively t g the notches of the other member, that the teeth formed by the notches of one member register with the notches of the other member, as is clearly illustrated in Fig. 10. Within both recesses 57 is provided a fixed common alinementstop 56. It will be seen that according to the height to which the two members haxe been lifted by one of the cams, one of the notches of one or the other member will be 'in line with stop 56, so that when such member is thrown forward by the nose of its cam as described above this notch will be engaged by stop 56 and the bar will thus be locked in proper alinement (Fig. 12). At the same time the. other member is retained in inoperatlve position bythe stop 56 abutting against the tooth of this member protruding into thenotch engaged by the stop. For this purpose I preferably shape the engaging portion'of stop 56 somewhat blunt so that itwill more securely strike the point of the teeth above referred to. Thus it will be seen that the alinement stop forms at the same time positive retain-- ing means for the'inoperating member of the bar, so that the operative member will present the type degined to the printing point with the properinterstitial-space on either side. Upon release of thepush bar 49 which has operated the cam, this dam will be returned into its normal position by In each with notches 58 corresponding in number ,means of spring 60 and spring 46 will retract the bar member which has been thrown ment any number of such compound bars asthe one described above may be disposed in a typewriting machine and it is also obvious that by the arrangement of the types of one bar member in the interstitial spaces of the other bar ,member, the total number of bars required in a typewritlng machine will be considerably reduced. In this case, for in stance, in which six types are provided on.

- the two members taken together, the number of bars would be reduced to one third of the number of bars in the, typewriting machines at present in'use whiohrommonly carry two types on one bai.

While I have shown .and described two distinct manners in which my novel type bar may be employed, I do not wish to limit myself to these particular structures, as the manner in which the types of one member arranged in the interstitial spaces of the other member may be supported by its member, and the mannerin which the two type supporting member; are held together and shifted may vary according to the structure in'which the type bar is used.

\Vhat I claim is t 1. A type bar comprising a .plurality of plural type bearing members adapted to opcrate independently of each other, the types thereof being integral therewith and of diverse denominations.

2. A type bar comprising a plurality of type bearing members, movable relatively to each other, the types thereof being integral therewith and of diverse denominations.

3. A type bar comprising a plurality of interlocking type bearing members.

i. A typebar comprising a plurality of interlocking type bearing members movable relatively to each other.

5. A type bar comprising a plurality of interlocking plural type bearing members.

G. A type bar comprising a plurality of interlocking plural type bearing members movablerelatively to each other.

7. A type bar composed of a plurality of type bearing members so disposed as to present the types'of one member in the interstitial spaces of the types of another mem ber.

8. A compound type bar composed in part of a plurality of interlocking type bearing members.

9. A type bar, substantially as described, having a plurality of type bearing members disposed so as to present to the printing point the types of one conjoined member in gm interstitial spaces of the adjoining mem- 10. A type bar, substantially as described, having (a plurality of type bearing members disposed so as to present to the printing point the types of one conjoined member in the interstitial spaces of the adjoining member, means for shifting one of said members into operative position and means for locking said member in operative position and for retaining the undesired member in inoperative position.

11. A compound type bar of the character described comprising a plurality of type ,bearing members each disposed with its "tyipes in ,the interstitial type spaces of the acent member, said bar adapted to selectively present types of any of its members into printing position without prescnting any of the types of the adjacent member into said position.

- 12. A compound type bar having a plu rality of types and a plurality of type hearing members each bearing a part oi the total number of types of the bar with interstitial spaces, the types of one member, disposed in the interstitial spaces of the types of the adjoining member said members adapted to more relatively to each other, so that if one member is thrown into printing position the adjoining member may be retained from said position to clear the interstitial spaces of the member in printing position.

13. A compound'type bar of the character described comprising two type bearing members adapted to move relatively to each other, each disposed with its types in the interstitial type spaces of the other member,

said bar adapted to selectively present types of one member into printing position without presenting types of the other member into said position.

let. A compound type bar of the character describedcomprising two type bearing members adapted to move relatively to each other, each disposed with its types in the interstitial type spaces of the other member, said .bar adapted to 'selectively present typeset one member in printing position without presenting types of the other member into said position, in combination with means for locking the member 111 printing position and for retaining the undesired member in inoperative position, and means for shifting the desired member into the printing line.

15. A compound type bar of the character 'described comprising two type bearing members, one'pivoted to the other, and each disposed with its types in the interstitial type spaces of the other member, said bar adapted to selectively present the types of one member into printing position without presenting the types of the other member into said position.

16. A compound type bar of the haractcr described comprising two type bearing members, one pivoted to the other, and each disposed with its types in the interstitial type spaces of the other member, said bar adaptedto selectively present the types of one member in printing position without presenting the types of the other member into said position, in combination with means for looking the member in printing positi0n and for retaining the undesired member 1 n inoperative position and means for throwing the desired member into the printing line.

17. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a compound type bar of the character described comprising two type bearing members, one pivoted to the other, and each disposed with its types in the interstitial spaces of the other member, the

corresponding edge of each member having,

notches corresponding in number with the number of types on that member, the notches of one member disposed to register with the teeth formed by the notches of the other member, a pawl suitably disposed to engage said members in said notches and to bear of said extensions in line with said hammer V selectively to cause the member bearing said extension to present the corresponding type to the printing point, said pawl disposed relatively to said hammer to then register with the notch corresponding with the type of said member selected, to retain the other bar member to clear the interstitial type spaces of the member presenting its type.

18. A compound type bar havin a plurality of type bearing members mova tively to each other, and each member presenting its types in the interstitial spaces of the adjoining member, said members having said types as printing types on their front edge and correspondmg reading or itemproof types on their rear edge, correspond ingly disposed in the interstitial spaces of the reading type of the adjoining member.

19. A compound type bar having a plurality of type bearing members movable rela.-

tively to each other and each member presenting its types in the interstitial spaces of the adjoining member, and each member adapted to be moved toward the printing point independently of its conjoined member. and means for suitably operating said members to shift the type desired into the printing line and for throwing the member bearing said type toward the printing point.

LUCIEN S. CRANDALL.

1e rela-, 

